FUTURE TENSES

 Simple Future

Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

FORM Will

[will + verb]

Examples:

• You will help him later.
• Will you help him later?
• You will not help him later.

FORM Be Going To

[am/is/are + going to + verb]

Examples:

• You are going to meet Jane tonight.
• Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
• You are not going to meet Jane tonight.

Complete List of Simple Future Forms

USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action

"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.

Examples:

• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?
• Will you make dinner?
• I will not do your homework for you.
• I won't do all the housework myself!
• A: I'm really hungry.
  B: I'll make some sandwiches.
• A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.
  B: I'll get you some coffee.
• A: The phone is ringing.
  B: I'll get it.

USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise

"Will" is usually used in promises.

Examples:

• I will call you when I arrive.
• If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• Don't worry, I'll be careful.
• I won't tell anyone your secret.

USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan

"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.

Examples:

• He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
• She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
• A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
  B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
• I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
• Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
• They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
• Who are you going to invite to the party?
• A: Who is going to make John's birthday cake?
  B: Sue is going to make John's birthday cake.

USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction

Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future. In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little control over the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no difference in meaning.

Examples:

• The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2222 is going to be a very interesting year.

• John Smith will be the next President.
• John Smith is going to be the next President.

• The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.
• The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.

Simple present

We sometimes use the simple present form to discuss future events. Especially when talking about official events that happen at a set time such as timetables, meetings, itineraries, programmes etc.
For example:
Q) "What time does the train leave?" A) "It leaves at 17.30."
Q) "What time does the meeting begin tomorrow?" A) "It begins at 8.00am."
Q) "What time do you arrive at the airport tomorrow?" A) "I arrive at 6.30pm."

Using the present continuous for the future

The future continuous tense is the present continuous tense recycled. It is often used to ask about and discuss future arrangements or plans with just the addition of a future time, but you only use it when these arrangements are certain.
For example:
Q) What are you doing next week?" A) "I'm working."
Q) What's he doing tomorrow?" A) "He's playing tennis."
The present continuous tense is also used to talk about and make future appointments and arrangements using the words go or come....
For example:
Q) When are you coming to see me?" A) "Next week."
Q) What are you doing tomorrow?" A) "I'm going to the dentist."
...and using verbs of arrival and departure.
"We're arriving in London at 2.30."
"The train leaving from platform one is the 2.45 to Edinburgh."

The Future Continuous (will be doing)

The use of 'will be doing' in a sentence is often referred to as the future continuous. It is used to talk about activities that will be happening at a particular time or over a particular time in the future.
For example:
Next week we will be having a party. Can you come?
You can also use it (or the present continuous form) to talk about future plans.
For example:
We will be leaving here at 7.30pm.

 Future Perfect

Discussing the future using the present perfect simple form

You can use the present perfect simple form to say that something will have happened by a certain time in the future.
"This time next year I will have finished my exams."

IMPORTANT

In the Simple Future, it is not always clear which USE the speaker has in mind. Often, there is more than one way to interpret a sentence's meaning.

No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Simple Future, Simple Present is used.

Examples:

• When you will arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Not Correct
• When you arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Correct

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplefuture.html 

http://www.englishtenses.com/future_tenses 

http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/tensetext.htm 

EXERCISES

Will/Be going to 

Will/be going to 2 

Will/be going to 3 

Simple present/will 

Simple present/will 2 

Will/Future continuous (will be + vb ing) 

Present simple/present continuous/will/will be + vb ing 

Will/Will have +vb -ed or 3rd 

Mixed future tenses 

Will/will be + vb ing 

 WILL versus BE GOING TO

PRESENT CONTINUOUS versus BE GOING TO

FUTURE CONTINUOUS versus FUTURE PERFECT

  VIDEO (classes)

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/ 

QUIZZES (classes)

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar-reference/future-plans 

 

present simple versus present continuous

Presente Simple vs. Presente Continuo

· El presente simple se utiliza para hablar de cosas que ocurren habitualmente o en

general:

- James studies German at university.

- My parents live in the south

- Jane works in Italy every summer.

- My friends have a car.

- Water boils at 100 Celsius degrees.

- Sharks are dangerous animals.

· El presente continuo, en cambio, se utiliza para hablar de cosas que están ocurriendo

en el momento en el que se habla:

- Mary is playing the guitar now.

- Take an umbrella. It´s raining.

- Let´s go to the park! The sun is shinning.

- They are working in the garage at the moment.

I´m playing the guitar

¯

pasado ahora futuro

Las oraciones en presente continuo a menudo van acompañadas de expresiones que

indican que la acción se está realizando en ese momento:

Now right now at the moment at present

·  Existen verbos que sólo pueden utilizarse en presente simple:

like depend remember believe

dislike know forget prefer

love mean

A) Signal words in sentences

1) Which sentence is correct?
Every day the boy is making a snowball.
Look! The boy is making a snowball.


2) Which sentence is correct?
Every afternoon Mum makes a cup of tea.
Listen! Mum makes a cup of tea.

A) Fill in the verbs in the Simple Present or the Present Progressive.

1) I usually as a teacher in Germany, but this summer I as a language assistant in Rome. (to work)

2) My history teacher too much. (to talk)

---

B) Which sentences are correct?

1) Which sentence is correct?
I am thinking we should go.
I think we should go.


2) Which sentence is correct?
I am tasting the soup.
The soup tastes good.

---

C) Which actions - which tenses?

1) Which of the following actions is in the Simple Present?
fixed arrangement in the future
result of an action in the past is important in the present
things in general


2) Which of the following actions is in the Simple Present?
action finished in the past
action happening at the moment of speaking
repeated actions

Verb tenses activities

EJERCICIOS DE REFUERZO DE INGLÉS (Primera evaluación)

1. Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Present in the statements.
Example: We _____ her name. (to shout)
Answer: We shout her name.

1) I ………………….a good mark. (to get)

2) Rita ………………….an exercise. (to do)

3) We ………………….the table. (to lay)

2. Complete the sentences like in the example. Use the long form of the auxiliary.
Example: Jane ___________ a book. (not/to read)
Answer: Jane does not read a book.

1) We …………..handball at school. (not/to play)

2) Laura ………………her room. (not/to clean)

3) Mark ………………..his homework. (not/to do)

3. Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use Simple Present.
Example: _____________ their friends? (they/to phone)
Answer: Do they phone their friends?

1) ……………………..to school? (you/to walk)

2) ……………..a banana in the morning? (Ronda/to eat)

3) ………………………..parrots? (your father/to like)

4. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use the Simple Present. Watch the punctuation and form sentences or questions.
Example: ____ she ____ books? (to read)
Answer: Does she read books?

1) They ……………………hockey at school. (to play)

2) She ………………………..e-mails. (not/to write)

3) ……………..you …………..English? (to speak)

5) Leroy ………….very fast. (can/not/to read)

5. Put in the verb in brackets into the gap and form negative sentences. Use long form of the auxiliary.
Example: Maria __________ magazines. (not/to read)
Answer: Maria is not reading magazines.

1) The children …………….questions. (not/to ask)

2) Nick ………………to the gym. (not/to go)

3) I …………….the door. (not/to open)

6. Put in the verb in brackets into the gaps and form affirmative sentences. Use the long form of the auxiliary.
Example: Jane __________ home from work. (to come)
Answer: Jane is coming home from work.

1) He ………………in the lake. (to swim)

2) Andrew and Colin ………………muffins. (to make)

3) Simon …………………a letter. (to write)

7. Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use Present Progressive.
Example: ___________ the newspaper? (he/eading)
Answer: Is he eading the newspaper?

1) ………………………….in the lake? (Lisa/to swim)

2) …………………………your brother? (you/to help)

3) ………………………..a museum? (he/to visit)

8. Use the verbs in brackets in the Simple Present or in the Present Progressive. Watch the types of sentences (affirmative statements, negations or questions).
Example: __ Chris _______ for his brother now? (to wait)
Answer: Is Chris waiting for his brother now?

1) Look! This lady …………………a hamburger. (not/to eat)

2) Our cat seldom …………………..on the sofa. (to lie)

3) ………..they …………text messages at the moment? (to send)

4) I ………………supermarkets, but my father doesn't. (to like)

5) What ……….the man …………in our garden? (to do)

6) We ……………………the bus to school. (not/to take)

7) Where ………….you ………..from? (to come)

8) …………your girlfriend always ……………green T-shirts? (to wear)

9) I ………………..a cup of tea now. (to have)

10) ………..the boy …………..in the pool right now? (to swim)

9. Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Past in the statements.
Example: She ______ her mother in the kitchen. (to help)
Answer: She helped her mother in the kitchen.

1) They ……………..something to drink. (to order)

2) Last summer I ……………..to Stuttgart. (to go)

3) She …………….her homework in the afternoon. (to do)

10. Negate the first sentence in each task. Write the negative verb forms (sometimes with a preposition) from the first sentences into the gaps. You can use long or short (contracted) forms of the auxiliaries.
Example: Frank turned on the radio. – Frank ______________ the radio.
Answer: Frank turned on the radio. – Frank did not turn on the radio. Or Frank didn’t turn on the radio.

1) Peter woke up at seven. – Peter …………………………….at seven.

2) The children ran home. – The children …………………………..home.

3) I forgot to take the book with me. – I ………………………to take the book with me.

11. Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use Simple Past.
Example: ____________ their friends? (they/to meet)
Answer: Did they meet their friends?

1) ………………………….after the cat? (the dog/to run)

2) …………………….photos when you were on holiday? (you/to take)

12. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Watch the punctuation and form sentences or questions.
Example: The children ______ their sandwiches. (to forget)
Answer: The children forgot their sandwiches on Monday.

1) When ……………………you in London? (to be)

2) We ……………………in a flat when we were in Paris. (not/to live)

3) What ……….you …………yesterday? (to lose)

13. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps and form affirmative sentences.
Example: Eddie __________ a comic. (to read)
Answer: Eddie was reading a comic.

1) I ……………………to my friend. (to talk)

2) He ……………………….the beds. (to make)

3) The boys ……………………the parrots. (to feed)

14. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gap and form negative sentences. You can use long or short (contracted) forms of the auxiliary.
Example: Maggie _____________ volleyball. (not/to play)
Answer: Maggie was not playing volleyball. or Maggie wasn't playing volleyball.

1) Julia ……………………tea. (not/to drink)

2) They ………………….the Internet. (not/to surf)

3) My brother ……………………….yesterday. (not/to sail)

15. Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use the Past Progressive. Mind verb and noun/pronoun in brackets.
Example: ______________ a book? (she/to read)
Answer: Was she reading a book?

1) ……………………………the museum? (she/to visit)

2) ……………………………with a pencil? (you/to write)

3) ………………………………….comics? (the boys/to read)

16. Put in the verbs in brackets in the Simple Past or the Past Progressive into the gaps.
Example: I ________ my keys while I ________ to school. (to lose) (to walk)
Answer: I lost my keys while I was walking to school.

1) While I…………….., the school bus………………. (to text) (to arrive)

2) Cindy …………………her leg while she……………... (to break) (to snowboard)

3) He ……………..to the radio while he ……………..breakfast. (to listen) (to prepare)

4) My father …………….at 70 km/h when a policeman …………..him. (to drive) (to stop)

5) The girl ……………that the boy ……………………her. (to notice) (to watch)

6) My dad …………..the ladder while he ………………the carport. (to fall off) (to paint)

7) While we…………….., we …………..crossword puzzles. (to wait) (to do)

8) Nick ………………sick while he ……………..in Texas. (to become) (to travel)

9) What ……………….when you ……………about 9/11? (to do) (to hear)

10) She said that she ………………happy, so I ……………….to her. (not/to feel) (to talk)

17. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect.
Example: I _____________ my father's car. (to wash)
Answer: I have washed my father's car.

1) Karen ……………………….me an e-mail. (to send)

2) Dave and Pat …………………the museum. (to visit)

3) I ………………………at the pet shop. (to be)

18. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps and form negative sentences in the Present Perfect.
Example: He ______________ to music. (not/to listen)
Answer: He has not listened to music. or He hasn't listened to music. or He's not listened to music.

1) Our class ………………………….the test yet. (not/to write)

2) Tim and Joe ………………………..a box. (not/to carry)

3) It ………………………………..to snow. (not/to start)

19. Put in the correct verb forms into the gaps. Use the Present Perfect.
Example: ___ she _____ the car? (to clean)
Answer: Has she cleaned the car?

1) ………….you ……………….the kitchen door? (to paint)

2) ……………your brother ……………the shopping? (to do)

3) ………..Julian ever …………….a spider? (to touch)

20. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use the Present Perfect. Watch the punctuation and form sentences or questions.
Example: ____ you ______ the car yet? (to clean)
Answer: Have you cleaned the car yet?

1) Emma …………………….this film on TV. (not/to see)

2) How often …………….she ……………..the office? (to phone)

3) ………………..the Millers …………………yet? (to arrive)

Simple Past or Present Perfect – Exercise 21. Choose the correct words or phrases.

1) Peter …………………………football yesterday. (To play)

2) They ……………………….the car. It looks new again. (To clean)

3) Last year we………………….. to Italy. (To go)

4) John and Peggy……………… the book. Now they can watch the film.

(To just read) 5) I …………………..my friend two days ago. (To meet)

6) We……………………….. another country before. (To never visit)

7) She ……………………a new car in 2005. (To buy)

8) I'm sorry, but I…………………. my homework. (To forget)

9) ……………………….the game of chess?(To win)

10) The girls ……………………..their lunch yet. (To eat)

22. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps and form sentences in the Past Perfect. Use contracted forms only when there are personal pronouns.
Example: Before Steven did his homework he _____________ at the library. (to study)
Answer: Before Steven did his homework he had studied at the library.

1) She ………………………in Sweden before she went to Norway. (to live)

2) After we ………………………..the cornflakes, Henry came in. (to eat)

3) Before Ken ran to Kerry's house, he …………………him. (to phone)

23. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Mind the negations.
Example: Richard realized that he ______________ his passport with him. (not/to take)
Answer: Richard realized that he had not taken his passport with him.

1) The driver …………………….at the traffic lights, so the police car chased him. (not/to stop)

2) The budgie flew away because Jim ……………………the window. (not/to close)

3) When we came home, Frank ………………………the ceiling yet. (not/to paint)

24. Put in the words in brackets into the gaps. Use the verbs in the Past Perfect.
Example: _____________________ the summary by the time it was due? (Gerry/to hand in)
Answer: Had Gerry handed in the summary by the time it was due?

1) ……………………..the instructions before they switched on the mobile phone? (they/to read)

2) ………………………….the new words before she texted her friend? (the girl/to learn)

3) …………………………..the office before they drove away? (they/to ring)

25. Put the words in brackets into the gaps. Use the verbs in the Past Perfect.
Example: Alex couldn't go for a walk because he ______________ his leg. (to break)
Answer: Alex couldn't go for a walk because he had broken his leg.

1) When I arrived at the restaurant, Victoria …………………….a glass of water. (already/to order)

2) He noticed that Peter ……………………….the old chair. (not/to paint)

10) …………………………………………………..his hamster before he left his house? (Jack/to feed)

26. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps in the correct tense Past Perfect or Simple Past.
Example: Pat _________ (to live) in London before he _________ (to move) to Rome.
Answer: Pat had lived in London before he moved to Rome.

1) After Fred …………...(to spend) his holiday in Italy he ……………(to want) to learn Italian.

2) Jill ………………..(to phone) Dad at work before she ……………(to leave) for her trip.

3) Susan ………………..(to turn on) the radio after she …………….(to wash) the dishes.

4) When she …………..(to arrive) the match ……………already …………..(to start).

5) After the man …………….(to come) home he …………………(to feed) the cat.

6) Before he …………..(to sing) a song he ……………………….(to play) the guitar.

7) She ………………..(to watch) a video after the children …………………….(to go) to bed.

8) After Eric ……………..(to make) breakfast he ……………….(to phone) his friend.

9) I ……………..(to be) very tired because I ……………………….(to study) too much.

10) They ……………..(to ride) their bikes before they …………………..(to meet) their friends.